What is the primary focus of Total Quality Management (TQM)?

Total Quality Management (TQM) primarily focuses on achieving long-term success for an organization through the continuous improvement of processes, products, and services, with a strong commitment to customer satisfaction. The philosophy behind TQM is that by paying close attention to the needs and feedback of customers, organizations can create quality products and services that foster customer loyalty and lead to sustained business success.

TQM encourages a holistic approach where every member of the organization participates in the improvement efforts, ensuring that quality is not just a department or a one-time initiative, but ingrained into the culture of the organization. This focus on customer satisfaction ultimately drives long-term profitability and growth, as satisfied customers are more likely to return and recommend the business to others.

In contrast to other options, which might emphasize short-term gains or efficiency metrics without the foundational element of customer satisfaction, TQM's primary goal is to ensure that quality aligns with what the customer values most, leading to a sustainable competitive advantage over time.